which of the following organisms has an endoskeleton? which of the following organisms has an endoskeleton?

Stingray are cartilaginous fish, related to sharks. The femur, or thighbone, is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body. On top of this is a waxy layer, which acts to retain water within the cuticle and reject water from outside. Worms: Phyla Platyhelmintes, Nematoda, and Annelida The phalanges are the 14 bones of the toes. A) Support An endoskeleton is a skeleton that consists of hard, mineralized structures located within the soft tissue of organisms. D) Excretion This back and forth movement pushes the body against the water, creating forward movement. A saddle joint is the joint that allows movement in the thumb. Superphylum Deuterostomia | OpenStax Biology 2e Which of these organisms has an endoskeleton? Main Differences Between Endoskeleton and Exoskeleton The endoskeleton is located inside the body of the organism, it is an internal skeleton whereas the exoskeleton is located outside the body of the living organism, it is an external skeleton. The Kidneys and Osmoregulatory Organs, 22.5. The tarsals are the seven bones of the ankle. Some examples of endoskeleton are cartilage, bone, etc. Endoskeletons provide support for the body, protect internal organs, and allow for movement through contraction of muscles attached to the skeleton. A wing generates a lift L\mathscr{L}L when moving through sea-level air with a velocity U. A hydrostatic skeleton, or hydroskeleton, is a flexible skeleton supported by fluid pressure. E) the ability to move in a fish-like manner. The radius and ulna also articulate with the carpal bones and with each other, which in vertebrates enables a variable degree of rotation of the carpus with respect to the long axis of the limb. The lower limb consists of the thigh, the leg, and the foot. An exoskeleton is the rigid covering found on the exterior of many animals, particularly invertebrates such as arthropods and mollusks. They have a bony endoskeleton with a backbone and jaws; they have gills as larvae and lungs as adults; they have four limbs; they are ectothermic. C) feet with digits. This similarity suggests that sponges and choanoflagellates are closely related and likely share common ancestry. This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Sponges reproduce by sexual as well as asexual methods. Although the bones developed separately in the embryo and fetus, in the adult, they are tightly fused with connective tissue and adjoining bones do not move (Figure 19.6). Describe the feeding mechanism of sponges and identify how it is different from other animals. (common name: yellow Picasso sponge) belongs to class Hexactinellida, and (c) Acarnus erithacus belongs to class Demospongia. The scapulae are flat, triangular bones that are located at the back of the pectoral girdle. This also restricts movement primarily to one plane, creating forward motion rather than moving the limbs upward as well as forward. The eight cranial bones are the frontal bone, two parietal bones, two temporal bones, occipital bone, sphenoid bone, and the ethmoid bone. Biologydictionary.net, April 05, 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/endoskeleton/. The amoebocytes (derived from stem-cell-like archaeocytes), are so named because they move throughout the mesohyl in an amoeba-like fashion. Sponge larvae (e.g, parenchymula and amphiblastula) are flagellated and able to swim; however, adults are non-motile and spend their life attached to a substratum. Q.76. The first opening during embryonic development becomes the anus. Because it is responsible for bearing the weight of the body and for locomotion, the pelvic girdle is securely attached to the axial skeleton by strong ligaments. In freshwater sponges, gemmules may survive hostile environmental conditions like changes in temperature, and then serve to recolonize the habitat once environmental conditions improve and stabilize. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. A firmer, more ossified vertebral column became common in terrestrial tetrapods because it reduces strain while providing the strength needed to support the bodys weight. They have a cranium but no backbone; they do not have jaws; their endoskeleton is made of cartilage; they are ectothermic. This reduced the jarring to the head caused by the impact of the limbs on the ground. Shortening of the muscle changes the relationship of the two segments of the exoskeleton. A hydrostatic skeleton is a structure found in many cold-blooded and soft-bodied organisms. 5. Hydrostatic skeleton - Wikipedia Another change in the axial skeleton was the loss of a direct attachment between the pectoral girdle and the head. This temporal separation of gametes produced by the same sponge helps to encourage cross-fertilization and genetic diversity. The endoskeleton develops within the skin or in the deeper body tissues. What is the major difference between vertebrates and invertebrates? Within the osteon is the haversian canal, the central canal which surrounds blood cells and nerves. 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A. Pinacocytes are epithelial-like cells, form the outermost layer of sponges, and enclose a jelly-like substance called mesohyl. Intervertebral discs composed of fibrous cartilage lie between adjacent vertebral bodies from the second cervical vertebra to the sacrum.